The female external genitalia is made up of both urinary tract and reproductive structures. These structures collectively fall under the term vulva. The components of the entire vulva include:

Mons pubis - A rounded skin-covered pad of fat over the pubic bone that becomes covered with hair at puberty.

Labia majora, labia minora - These are folds of skin that surround the opening of the vagina and urethra.

Clitoris - A small, sensitive structure that becomes stimulated during sexual activity.

Vulva vestibule - The area between the labia minora. The vulva vestibule contains the opening to the urethra and the vaginal opening.

Bartholin’s glands - A pair of pea-sized glands found just behind and either side of the lips that surround the entrance to the vagina. The Bartholin’s glands secrete fluid that acts as a lubricant during sex.

Urethra - The urethra is an extension of a tube from the bladder to the outside of the body. The purpose of the urethra is for the excretion of urine.

Skene’s glands - Two glands located on either side of the urethra. These glands are believed to secrete a substance to lubricate the urethra opening. This substance is also believed to act as an antimicrobial. This antimicrobial is used to prevent urinary tract infections.

Vaginal opening - The vaginal opening is located between the urethra and the anus and it is where: Menstrual blood leaves the body, sexual intercourse for reproduction and/or pleasure occurs, and where a baby exits the body during vaginal birth.